What is a Types of Planning

There are various types of planning which are properly depending upon the conditions & the application time of planning. These are as follows:

On the basis of period planning can be divided as:

• Short-term planning: Short-term planning may be described as such plan which is prepared by any individual, firm or industry for a very short duration of time; such as daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly, half-yearly & Yearly basis. The purpose of these planning is to wind up the contemporary problems of organization. 

• Long-term or perspective planning: Long term planning may be described as a plan which is prepared by any individual, firm or industry for a long duration of time; such as plan which is made for 10 years, 15 years & 20 Years. The purpose of these planning is to gain goals of enterprise in the proper way.

On the basis of management level planning can be divided as:

• Top Level Planning: Top level planning can be described as such plan which is made by top level management of organization. This kind of planning is generally made by general manager of organization. 

• Middle Level Planning: Middle level planning may be described as such plan which is made by middle level managers of organization. It is generally adopted by organization as an instrument to achieve its primary goals in the most proper way. This kind of planning is made by the departmental managers of organization. 

• Lower Level Planning: Lower level planning may be depicted as such plan which is made by lower level managers of organization. It is generally prepared by supervisor of organization & also directly concerned with the activities which are performed by personnel of enterprise. 

On the basis of environment planning:

• Internal Plans: Internal plans can be described as such plans which is done by organization for its internal activities. for example - plans for human resource. The above example concerns with internal activity. Hence, it is termed as internal plans. 

• External Plans: External plans can be described as such plans which is done by organization for its external activities. for operating and controlling the external activities organization has to make external plans. for example - sales plans, purchase plans, both examples are related with external activities. Hence, plans for these activities are termed as external plans. 

On the basis of use planning can be divided into two forms:

• Standing use plans: Standing use plans are one of the most important type of planning. This is generally prepared by the top level managers of organization. Standing use planning is the foundation of organization activities because over all activities of organization are based on this plan. In fact, it provides a proper guidance to the personnel to understand their tasks & encourage them to perform tasks accordingly, towards the result-oriented works. This plan is, termed as standing use planning because it cannot be changed according to the business conditions. These are rigid. For example:- Objectives of organization, Policies of organization, Rules etc. 

• Single use plans: Single use plans are also the important type of planning. This type of planning is adopted by organization for removing specific problems. Single use plans are flexible in nature this means it can be changed according to the conditions of business. While the business’s problems are removed then the importance of these plans is declined. For example- Budgets & programs, both are made by organization for removing specific problems. Hence, budgets and programs are termed as single use plans.